Categories
earthquake

USNS Comfort goes to Haiti

I checked this morning and was relieved to see that the Comfort has been ordered to Haiti and is expected to arrive on the 20th or 21st. I just wish that it could get there sooner. If you haven’t heard of the Comfort before, here’s some information, courtesy of Wikipedia.

Probably because I’ve been in Denver most of my life, I know very little about what sort of ships we’ve got. I only even heard of the Comfort because my Uncle Charles pointed it out to me the first time I went to Baltimore for Otakon, which involved me visiting my family there as well. We were driving past the shipyards and he pointed to what looked like a white building with a giant red cross on it jutting up between the cranes, and told me that was the Comfort, settled in at her home port. My Uncle was career navy (now retired) and did electrical work on the ship. I could tell he was proud of her when he pointed her out. I think he has every reason to be.

Also: Richard Dawkins has set up a donation fund to take yet another stab at the tired old lie that atheists are uncaring and don’t give. He’s covering up to $10,000 of the Paypal fees. The money will go to Doctors Without Borders and the Red Cross.

Categories
earthquake

Thoughts on Haiti

The tragedy caused by the earthquake (a pretty shallow one, at about 13km depth per the USGS tracker) is just breaking my heart, over and over again. I’ve already donated some money to the American Red Cross International Response Fund, and I’m hoping to make a second donation after taking a look at our financial status tomorrow. (A good list of other relief agencies here.)

Looking at this from a scientific perspective, it highlights the destructive power of faulting within the Earth’s crust. That the large quake and its aftershocks have all been shallow (10-13 km deep) means that there is less dissipation of the seismic waves when they hit the surface. So we end up with a high magnitude earthquake (of 7.0) that releases a lot of energy, and since it’s so close to the surface – and so close to a populated area – the intensity of it is unimaginable. The British Geological Society has a simple fault map of the area; this quake occurred along a transform fault, similar to the San Andreas in the US. The BGS informational statement is also a good overview:

The fault in this case is called the Enriquillo- Plantain Garden fault. This fault has been locked for the last 250 years gradually accumulating stress which has now been released in a single large earthquake.

What strikes me here is that the fault has only been locked for 250 years – barely even the blink of an eye in geologic time – and that let it accumulate enough stress to blow out in a 7.0. The Caribbean Plate is much more active and under much more stress than I ever realized, though I suppose I should have. (I think the massive Pacific Plate tends to steal all the fame.)

The geology is honestly the only thing in this situation that isn’t heart-breaking or rage-inducing. It’s the only thing I can really be rational about. If I believed in Hell, I’d be reserving a special place in it for Rush Limbaugh, who is transforming himself from the fascist gasbag I idly hate when I don’t have anything better to do with my time to someone that should simply have his membership in our species revoked. Pat Robertson has also come out to remind us that he’s a giant douchebag, which leaves me unspeakably angry as well. BoingBoing’s assessment of Haiti’s real deal with the Devil, inspired by Pat “Douchebag” Robertson, has left me upset to the point that I cannot even coherently express my opinion on this bit of history.

At this point, there’s really nothing left for people like me to do but give.

And hope.

Also: BoingBoing’s link roundup for day two.

EDIT: Reponse by the Haitian ambassador to the US to Pat “Douchebag” Robertson.

Categories
grad school

In review

My application for grad school at CU is now officially “in review,” which means it’s ready for the faculty to look at it. Keep your fingers crossed for me.

Categories
pet rock

Using Geochemistry to find Kimberlites

I found this article pretty interesting: The GOPE 25 Kimberlite Discovery, Botswana, Predicated on Four Mg-Ilmenite Grains from Reconnaissance Soil Samples: A Case History

Basically, some kimberlites were identified using indicator minerals that came from the soil above the pipes. One of the important indicator minerals was ilmenite (which I had in my own pet rock from Green Mountain). Even more interesting, the scientists used the chemical signatures of these ilmenites to infer if the kimberlites in question were likely to contain diamonds. That’s some pretty cool stuff.

Categories
marriage

Tracking the federal court case on Prop 8

There are honestly times I’ve been made to feel very uncomfortable about the fact that I’m going to be married in May. The biggest cause is the giant douchebags that defend their bigoted and outdated beliefs by claiming that they’re somehow “defending” marriage. I don’t think this particular journey Mike and I are planning to embark upon requires defending, thanks. And the more the secular institution that I’m interested in gets wrapped in pages from the Bible, the less welcome I feel, to be sure. I find few things more insulting than the idea that our love and our relationship should receive some sort of privileged status because I’ve got an innie and Mike’s got an outie.

Needless to say, I’m very interested in the case against California’s Proposition 8, which is currently being tried in Federal court. I think it’s incredibly important that it’s being made in to a Federal issue, and that it will no doubt end up in front of the Supreme Court. I’m both incredibly hopeful and incredibly worried.

If you’re similarly interested, there are several good places to keep a close eye on the trial:
Prop 8 Trial Tracker
LGBT POV
Pam’s House Blend

So far, so good, but it’s only the third day.

Categories
texas scares me

Art: Scarring Children for Life in Texas

I meant to post this link last week, but the horrifying detonation of my digestive tract on Wednesday kind of distracted me. My best friend Kat, who teaches first grade, sent this story to me: Museum Field Trip Deemed Too Revealing

The basic story seems to be that a teacher took her class on a field trip to the Art Museum, which is a place that’s been approved by the school for kids to go. Kids saw (OH GOD NO) some art that involved nudes at some point along the tour. Teacher was subsequently fired.

I’d like to paint this as a head-shaking, “only in Texas” thing, but I can quite easily imagine this sort of situation cropping up in Colorado Springs or any other deeply conservative1 community. What freaked Kat out the most is that the teacher took the kids to an approved location, and still ended up on the block for it. What’s freaking me out the most is that apparently nudity in art is so evil and offensive to someone that they went gunning for the teacher’s job.

I understand not wanting children to be exposed to pornography, really I do. How some people can conflate pornography with simple nudity is, I think, more revealing of those doing the conflating than they’d really like. I also admit that I’m quite puzzled as to how children can spend their infancy presumably being exposed to boobies while being fed, and to the reality of being naked under their clothes throughout their childhood2, but a nude statue at an art museum is apparently going to warp their young minds beyond recognition. Maybe the statues in question were holding signs that said things like, “Santa Claus isn’t real,” “The Tooth Fairy doesn’t exist,” and “Metallica 4ever.”

Yeesh.

1 – Here, “deeply conservative” read as “completely fucking insane.”

2 – I took showers with my parents when I was a really little kid, so I even knew what naked grownups looked like. Though I suppose depending on your feelings about me as a person, that could work as an argument in either direction.

Categories
doctor who geeky stuff science fiction tv

The End of Time

Thanks to April, my big brother’s wonderful girlfriend, I finally got to see the second part of The End of Time last night. For those of you who aren’t giant Doctor Who geeks, move along, move along. Nothing to see here.

SPOILERS ABOUND. YOU HAVE BEEN WARNED.

I will start by saying that the first part really didn’t impress me. It was loud, bombastic, needlessly explodey, and involved far too many shots of the Doctor either walking or running somewhere accompanied by rather overdone music, which really just made me feel like they were trying to add some filler to the episode to make it long enough. But at the end, I was still excited about the second part, because if nothing else, there were going to be Time Lords. Apparently lead by a very spitty Timothy Dalton. The general Time Lord culture was something I’ve really missed out of the new Who, and I was excited at the prospect of them making a comeback, since that would open up all sorts of new plot as well. Also, I was hoping that if the Time Lords did make a return, maybe we’d get to see a new incarnation of Romana, who was one of my favorite characters ever from old Who.

Sadly, I was disappointed, on many, many, many counts.

Before I get down to the real kvetching, there were certain things out of the second part that I really, really liked. There was a lovely scene between the Doctor and the Master, which involved them not shrieking at each other, and it was beautifully done and very dramatic. I liked spitty Timothy Dalton as Rassilon, and even though I’d already spoiled myself as to who he was, I still just about wet my pants when the Doctor used the name. Dalton makes a wonderful Rassilon; sure, he’s the founder of the great and noble Time Lord civilization, but I think it adds some real dimension to the culture when we get to see that Rassilon was also a giant, scary bastard. And for all that the Time Lords did not in fact make a comeback like I’d been hoping, I think that some of the plot was very interesting. If nothing else, the revelation that the doctor destroyed the Time Lords not as collateral damage in the destruction of the Daleks, but on purpose because they’d become just as evil, just blew me away. It casts the Doctor in a whole new light and was very well done.

That said, the rest of it? I’m not going to claim it was awful and that Russel T. Davies and I are through (not that it matters at this point) but of all the big, explodey, bombastic, over the top season enders, this one was definitely the worst. It was a lot of sound and fury, and very little substance. The Doctor saving the Earth at the end just seemed a little too easy and clean. And I’m sorry, but whether it’s the long pre-regeneration goodbye sequence, or just the intended-to-be-dramatic-but-not-really bit where the Doctor can’t seem to decide if he should be pointing his gun at Rassilon1 or the Master, I spent a lot of time wanting to yell “GET ON WITH IT!” at April’s TV. That’s never a good sign.

As a good example of just what was wrong with the episode, take Donna. I was incredibly excited about Donna being in the episode, since she’s by far my favorite of the companions. I cried, quite literally, when she had to have her memory erased at the end of last season, and it made the wonderfully poignant point clear that yes, thing really do go terribly, terribly wrong in the Doctor’s life and there aren’t always happy endings. And then in this episode… what? She gets surrounded by a bunch of Master copies and then her head sort of explodes and… that’s it. She has basically no bearing on the plot at all, other than as a footnote. It’s not that I wanted something bad to happen to Donna, goodness no. I love her to pieces. But after the frantic warnings from the Doctor about what will happen to her if she remembers, and then basically seeing her brain explode on screen, suddenly at the end she’s all better and nothing seems to have happened. What? What was the point of the build up?

The Doctor’s death also annoyed me, frankly. I do like that it wasn’t Rassilon that did him in. I thought David Tennant did some amazing acting when it came to the sudden swing from high to low, as he goes from thinking that he’s escaped fate to realizing that his death is inescapable. I can even go for him giving up his life to save Wilf, and the wonderfully nasty, egotistical things he said to go with it. But hinging all of that loveliness on a booth that apparently requires someone to be locked in it for no apparent reason really just takes all the steam out of the sacrifice. They had to find a way to kill the Doctor off, and that was the best they could do? Really?

And then of course, the Doctor gets irradiated and sort of killed and it’s all quite heart-wrenching until he gets up and then spends the next fifteen minutes wandering around and exchanging significant looks with nearly everyone who has ever been in more than two episodes with him. The thing that was often so emotional about other Doctors regenerating was how abrupt it seemed. Take the Christopher Eccleston regeneration; it made me cry. He went from fine to basically dead and regenerated in in only a few minutes, and even though I’d been expecting it, it was still emotional and well executed. What they did with Tennant seems to me the equivalent of if Eccleston had paused, made himself some tea and sandwich, done some phone calls, answered all of his correspondence, and then finally kicked the bucket. Bleh.

Then the fact that the Doctor regenerating this time apparently made the Tardis catch on fire? Don’t get me started.

Admittedly, The End of Time had a tough act to follow. Right before we watched the second part, April let us watch The Waters of Mars since we hadn’t seen that yet. That episode is amazing. It was creepy, it was suspenseful, and the ending just blew me away. But what I find so frustrating is that it’s obvious that this sort of tight scripting and emotional roller coaster is more than possible on the show, and then they get to the season finale and just sort of blow it all on the Master having a fake glow-in-the-dark skull for a head.

I think maybe the biggest problem is that every season finale of the new Doctor Who has been over the top and explodey. We can’t seem to have a finale that doesn’t involve the possible destruction of the Earth at best or the entire universe at worst. And I find that frustrating, because many of what I consider to be the best episodes of the new Who have been the very ones where the stakes were relatively small. The weeping Angels in Blink weren’t threatening to destroy space and time. Midnight was just about a few people, on a single ship. The Girl in the Fireplace was about one woman’s life. The problem is, every time you have to end a series by threatening to blow up the universe, you paint yourself a little further in to a corner, since next time you feel obligated to somehow ratchet the stakes up higher2. And frankly, after one or two threats to destroy the universe or space/time or whatever, it gets sort of boring, because you know they can’t destroy the universe because there’s going to be a season next year.

It just makes me sad to think what they could have done with this story, with this revelation of how awful and evil the Time Lords were at the end of the war, if they hadn’t needed to put it hand in hand with the threat of total destruction. How much more interesting would it have been, if the Doctor had come face to face with Rassilon and had to reenact is final decision, not because he was worried about space and time getting destroyed, but because he was once again face with the ghost of his own people becoming just as monstrous as the Daleks.

It’s obviously possible to have a lot of drama and tension and excitement without threatening to destroy the universe again. Hopefully the next round of Doctor Who scripts will keep that in mind.

1 – After seeing Rassilon being an all powerful giant bastard earlier, I was forced to wonder in this scene why, after the Doctor first pointed the gun at him, Rassilon didn’t simply pop the Doctor’s head off like he was a giant Pez dispenser.

2- My brother illustrated this point nicely last night. A not quite verbatim quote: “[Author whose name I have somehow spaced out] wrote a book where at the end he blew up the Earth. And then he wrote a sequel where at the end, he blew up the universe. And then he wrote a third book where at the end, he blew up all possible universes. After that there was nothing left to blow up, so he had to end the series.”

Categories
volcano

Your volcano for Monday

The Yellowstone caldera, where absolutely nothing of note is going on.

I swear, if I had a nickel for every time someone breathlessly told me about the apocalyptic disaster coming soon1 to the Western US when Yellowstone explodes, I’d… well, I’d have a lot of nickels, to start. I’d quite possibly be planning for an even fancier wedding too, presumably one where I could blow a giant box full of nickels on something as insipid as an ice sculpture.

1 – This is geology. Soon does not mean what you think it means.

Categories
creationism stoopid

Science fiction makes you godless and evil

Well, I guess if you have a fundamental problem with science in general, science fiction becomes a sort of terrifying, wordy mass of horror. I’m waiting for this guy’s next installment, when he attacks the fantasy genre for being polytheistic and glorifying witchcraft. And elves. Because everyone knows that elves are really just thinly disguised tree-worshipping hippies.

Science fiction is intimately associated with Darwinian evolution. Sagan and Asimov, for example, were prominent evolutionary scientists.

Um… Sagan as an astrophysicist, wasn’t he? Asimov was a biochemist. Neither of them were biologists. Or maybe this is the bit where we conflate all science with evolution, because it’s a buzzword for EVIL.

It kind of reminds me of the bit in Stuart’s 2009 Colorado Skepticamp presentation, when he was showing some clips from everyone’s favorite creationist blowhard Ken Ham. One of the clips referred to the “evolutionary science of comets,” at which point I almost fell out of my chair. While one can talk about a comet’s “evolution,” it was pretty plain that they were in fact attaching the word “evolution” to anything they didn’t like, to mark it as one of those evil things that doesn’t support a literal interpretation of the Bible.

That aside, I totally want to read this guy’s review of Twilight. It would be like two things I hate coming together and creating something mind-blowingly fantastic.

Categories
climate change

More on rocks as carbon traps

Conveniently enough, there’s a Scientific American article about the use of basalt as a CO2 sink, which was posted yesterday. I suppose that using basalt for its CO2 sponging abilities isn’t a bad second option; if nothing else, there’s a lot more basalt in the world than there is easily available ultramafic rocks. Basalt is being produced every day from volcanoes, while ultramafic melts would be very uncommon in this day and age. To get an ultramafic rock, you need a much higher degree of melting of the mantle peridotite than you’d normally get, now that the Earth has cooled off a bit.

Depending on the type of basalt, you’ll also get olivine in it, which is what I talked about yesterday as the main constituent of ultramafic rocks, the thing which weathers so nicely once you add a little carbonic acid. I doubt that you could go much less mafic1 than basalt and still get much bang for your buck.

The reason for this comes down to Bowen’s Reaction Series, the terror of all first year students of geology. The reaction series is really just a simplified description of how magmas crystallize, because different minerals are stable at different temperatures and pressures. We’re most concerned with the left side of the series, in this case.

So let’s pretend we’ve got some mafic (but not ultramafic) magma, which spews to the surface and becomes lava. The first thing that will crystallize in it as it starts to cool is olivine. As the lava continues to cool, some of the olivine (not very stable at these low pressures) will react with the remaining melt and begin forming pyroxene. More cooling, and the pyroxene starts converting over to amphibole. Melt composition also plays a big role, but that’s getting a little too complicated for a Tuesday before I’ve had lunch, I think. By the time all your lava has cooled down, you’re going to end up with a mixture of what’s more stable at the surface, such as pyroxene and amphibole.

That’s generally how the reaction series works. The important thing to keep in mind is that the higher you are in that reaction series, the less stable the mineral is at the surface. And the less stable it is, the easier it is for carbonic acid to come along and work its magic. Ultramafic rocks are ideal for this because they’re mostly olivine. Depending on the type of basalt, there are still a lot of minerals that break down very easily, such as pyroxene – and some basalts do have significant amounts of olivine in them still.

This still has the same pitfalls and questions as using the ultramafic rocks, I think. The biggest being, of course, that if you think it takes a long time for an ultramafic rock to weather, it’s going to take even longer for basalt.

I’m also really wondering about the one sort of throw-away statement at the end of the article:

Already, a proposed coal-fired power plant proposed in Linden, N.J. includes plans to pump captured CO2 emissions into an offshore sediment, albeit not a basalt one.

Putting aside the the cringe-inducing phrase “an offshore sediment,” I’m wondering what exactly the goal is, there. Are the sediments in question ones that they expect the CO2 to react with? Are they just hoping the sediments are going to hold on to the CO2 long enough that it’ll be someone else’s problem, which is often the goal when we’re talking about injecting carbon down somewhere deep in the ocean? That’s a little worrying.

1 – Just in case you didn’t know, all this “mafic” business is just a reference to the major non-silica components of the rock. Mafic is shorthand for magnesium/ferric (ferric meaning iron) since there’s a lot of those elements in this sort of rock. You’ll also hear “felsic” which is shorthand for feldspar/silicate, which you find in abundance in rocks like granite.